What does inquiry-based learning primarily encourage in students?

Inquiry-based learning primarily encourages students to engage in asking questions and conducting research, which is central to its methodology. This educational approach promotes curiosity, critical thinking, and active participation in the learning process. By encouraging students to ask questions, educators help them explore topics in depth, leading to a more meaningful understanding of the subject matter. Through the process of conducting research, students learn how to gather information, analyze data, and formulate conclusions, which builds essential skills for lifelong learning.

Additionally, inquiry-based learning fosters collaboration among students as they often work in groups to tackle complex questions, share insights, and learn from each other's perspectives. This active involvement in the learning process helps students develop a sense of ownership over their education, as they take the initiative to pursue their interests and seek out answers.

In contrast, the other options focus on less engaging methods of learning that do not foster the same depth of understanding or critical thinking. Memorizing facts and passive learning through lectures do not encourage the exploration or experimentation that inquiry-based learning promotes. Similarly, a sole focus on standardized testing limits the scope of learning to what can be tested, which may not give students the opportunity to engage deeply with material or pursue their inquiries.